Alport综合征
Alport syndrome
定义 英文原文(暂无中文)
A rare renal disease characterized by glomerular nephropathy with hematuria progressing to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), frequently associated with sensorineural deafness, and occasionally with ocular anomalies.
别名
Alport听力丧失-肾病
基本事实
- 遗传方式
- 常染色体显性、常染色体隐性、X 连锁显性
- 发病年龄
- 青少年期、成年期、儿童期、老年期
- 患病率
- 1-9 / 100 000(Finland)
相关基因 3来自下位疾病
Orphanet 未在本条目上直接标注致病基因。下表由本组所属的下位疾病汇总而来,「来源条目」列给出基因实际标注在哪一个 ORPHA 条目上。
| 基因 | 名称 | 来源条目 |
|---|---|---|
| COL4A3 | collagen type IV alpha 3 chain | ORPHA:88918 |
| COL4A4 | collagen type IV alpha 4 chain | ORPHA:88918 |
| COL4A5 | collagen type IV alpha 5 chain | ORPHA:88917 |
临床表型 34
极常见 99–80%2
- 薄肾小球基底膜病 HP:0030034
- 血尿 HP:0000790
常见 79–30%9
- 双侧感音神经性听觉受损 HP:0008619
- 高血压 HP:0000822
- 肾小球系膜增生 HP:0012574
- 蛋白尿 HP:0000093
- 视力下降 HP:0007663
- 肾功能不全 HP:0000083
- 视网膜斑点 HP:0012045
- 慢性肾病5期 HP:0003774
- 肾小球基底膜变薄 HP:0012577
偶见 29–5%12
- 角膜内皮形态异常 HP:0011488
- 前圆锥形晶状体 HP:0011501
- 角膜糜烂 HP:0200020
- 水肿 HP:0000969
- 局灶节段性肾小球硬化 HP:0000097
- 镜下血尿症 HP:0002907
- 近视 HP:0000545
- 复发性角膜糜烂 HP:0000495
- 肾小球泡沫细胞 HP:0032583
- 肾小球毛细血管壁增厚 HP:0025005
- 肾小球基底膜增厚 HP:0004722
- 肾小管间质纤维化 HP:0005576
罕见 <4–1%11
- 角膜营养不良 HP:0001131
- 咳嗽 HP:0012735
- 弥漫性平滑肌瘤病 HP:0006756
- 吞咽困难 HP:0002015
- 呼吸困难 HP:0002094
- 上腹部疼痛 HP:0410019
- 黄斑变性 HP:0000608
- 后囊下白内障 HP:0007787
- 复发性支气管炎 HP:0002837
- 喘鸣 HP:0010307
- 呕吐 HP:0002013
近两年的全球研究 1,045L2
2024/08 起在 Europe PMC 检索所得,按发表时间倒序显示最近 20 篇。标题未译成中文——自动翻译需要接入 LLM 服务,尚未引入。
- 2026-08Alport Syndrome May Be More Common in People of East Asian Ancestry
- 2026-07综述Macular holes in inherited retinal dystrophies and vitreoretinopathies
- 2026-07Noninvasive optical coherence tomography biomarker for Alport syndrome, COL4-related focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and COL4 variant interpretation
- 2026-07病例报告Long-Term Clinical Course of COL4A1-Associated Nephropathy and Assessment of α1 Chain of Type IV Collagen Expression in Kidney Biopsy Specimens: A Case Report
- 2026-07"When the lens drew a continent: a cartographic clue to Alport syndrome"
- 2026-07Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Nephritis Post-Renal Transplant in Alport Syndrome Patients
- 2026-07综述Knowledge Mapping of Alport Syndrome: A Bibliometric Analysis From 2000 to 2025
- 2026-07开放获取Epidemiology of chronic dialysis treatment among children and adolescents in a capital of Northeastern Brazil
- 2026-06Patient-derived human induced pluripotent stem cell podocytes uncover endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress-mediated dysfunction in X-linked Alport syndrome
- 2026-06综述病例报告Alport Syndrome With Wheel-like Bilateral Macular Holes: A Case Report and Literature Review
- 2026-06病例报告From clinical mimicry to accurate diagnosis: COL4A4-associated nephropathy hidden behind polycystic kidney disease
- 2026-06综述Sequential emergence of hematuria and proteinuria in autosomal dominant Alport syndrome: a pathophysiological perspective
- 2026-06Clinical practice recommendations for the management of Alport syndrome: a joint statement of the Korean Society of Nephrology and the Korean Society of Pediatric Nephrology
- 2026-06Mouse model of X-linked Alport syndrome with K229X mutation in the COL4A5 gene
- 2026-06开放获取Pathogenic variants in COL4A3, COL4A4, JAG1, and NPHS2 genes in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: Insights from targeted gene panel sequencing
- 2026-06Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio as a predictor of kidney function decline in Alport syndrome
- 2026-06Autosomal Type IV Collagen Genes Display Sex Differences in Genetic Risk for Hematuria
- 2026-06开放获取Transcriptomic characters of cochlear vascular cells with pericyte-driven angiogenetic activity
- 2026-06病例报告From dysphagia to kidney disease: Alport syndrome with leiomyomatosis
- 2026-06综述开放获取Albumin as a dynamic extracellular redox regulator: from Cys34 oxidation biomarkers to polysulfide-mediated homeostatic mechanisms and clinical applications
境外已获批用于本病的药物 0L2
欧盟与美国均未检索到已获批用于本病的药物。
已获孤儿药资格、尚未获批的在研药物(12 项)
孤儿药资格只是一种监管身份——它意味着监管机构认可这是罕见病用药并给予研发激励,不代表这个药已被证明有效,也不代表将来一定能上市。绝大多数最终不会成药。列在这里是为了看清有哪些方向正在被尝试。
- Imbarkyd欧盟2018-05-25Bardoxolone methylTreatment of Alport syndrome官方记录
- 5-(3,4-Dichloro-phenyl)-N-((1R,2R)-2-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-6-(2,2,2-trif欧盟2023-06-20Treatment of Alport syndrome官方记录
- vonafexor欧盟2023-07-25Treatment of Alport syndrome官方记录
- setanaxib欧盟2023-11-08Treatment of Alport syndrome官方记录
- exaluren sulfate欧盟2026-03-25Treatment of Alport syndrome官方记录
- bardoxolone methyl美国2017-07-03Treatment of Alport Syndrome官方记录
- Ivaltinostat美国2021-11-04Treatment of Alport Syndrome官方记录
- 5-Arylnicotinamide ABCA1 inducer美国2023-02-22Treatment of Alport syndrome (AS)官方记录
- Vonafexor美国2023-08-09Treatment of Alport Syndrome官方记录
- setanaxib美国2023-09-26Treatment of Alport syndrome官方记录
- 6'-(R)-Methyl-5-O-(5-amino-5,6-dideoxy-alpha-Ltalofuranosyl)-paromamin美国2024-04-10Treatment of Alport Syndrome官方记录
- a human monoclonal antibody that blocks the function of semaphorin-3A美国2025-05-07treatment of Alport syndrome官方记录
数据来自欧洲药品管理局(EMA)的药品与孤儿药资格公开导出表,以及美国 FDA 孤儿药资格数据库。两边口径不同:欧盟一侧取的是当前状态仍为「已授权」的药品;美国一侧记录的是「曾获批准」这一事实,FDA 的公开表不追踪药物此后是否退市(例如 Relyvrio 于 2024 年撤市,表中仍记为已获批)。请以官方记录页为准。
在中国开展的临床试验 6L2
按病名在 ClinicalTrials.gov 检索、并校验研究中心含中国大陆而来。登记状态不等于现在真的能入组——务必按 NCT 号到原站核实,并与主治医生商量。
登记为可入组 3
- 招募中NCT04947813Genotype-Phenotype Correlations in Patients With Alport Syndrome中国研究中心 1 个:Shanghai
- 尚未开始招募NCT05133050Safety and Efficacy of ACEI in Alport Syndrome Patients With COL4A3/COL4A4/COL4A5 Variants中国研究中心 1 个:Shanghai
- 招募中NCT07211685A Study to Learn About How Well BAY 3401016 Works in Adults With Alport Syndrome中国研究中心 5 个:Beijing、Chongqing、Guangzhou、Hangzhou、Wuhan
其他状态的试验(3 项)
- 已终止NCT02855268Study of Lademirsen (SAR339375) in Patients With Alport Syndrome中国研究中心 3 个:Beijing、Guangzhou
- 已完成NCT04937907Study of Hydroxychloroquine in Patients With X-linked Alport Syndrome in China (CHXLAS)中国研究中心 1 个:Shanghai
- 进行中·不再招募NCT06226896Effects of Dapagliflozin on Progression of Alport Syndrome中国研究中心 1 个:Nanjing
中国境外的在招试验 13L2
这些试验在中国没有研究中心,通常无法直接报名——入组一般要求在当地居住并接受随访。列在这里是因为它另有用处:看清楚全世界正在试哪些药、做到了哪一期、由谁在做。把药名和 NCT 编号记下来去问主治医生,或据此进一步查该药是否已在境外获批、是否有拓展性用药(expanded access)通道。
CT.gov 报告命中 13 项,此处取回并展示最近的 10 项。
- 招募中NCT07523581EXACT Study: A Blinded Study in Patients With Alport Syndrome to Evaluate Exaluren Efficacy and Safety英国、美国
- 招募中NCT07575347Periodontal Disease in Rare Renal Disorders (PERIO-RA-RE)罗马尼亚
- 尚未开始招募NCT06731192Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Alport Syndrome
- 招募中NCT05944016Phase 3 Clinical Trial with Dapagliflozin in Chronic Kidney Disease in Adolescents and Young Adult Patients德国
- 招募中NCT06526741ASF Alport Patient Registry美国
- 招募中NCT04571658NEPTUNE Match Study美国
- 招募中NCT05003986Study of Sparsentan Treatment in Pediatrics With Proteinuric Glomerular Diseases德国、意大利、荷兰、波兰、西班牙、瑞典、英国、美国
- 招募中NCT05927467Eurbio-Alport (RaDiCo Cohort) (RaDiCo Eurbio-Alport)法国
- 招募中NCT06065852National Registry of Rare Kidney Diseases英国
- 招募中NCT02378805Alport Therapy Registry - European Initiative Towards Delaying Renal Failure in Alport Syndrome德国
外部标识与链接
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本页数据来源
- 疾病定义、同义词、基因、表型、流行病学:Orphanet(CC BY 4.0)
- 中文病名:Orphanet 中文包,冻结于 2020-06-01
- 表型中文标签:HPO 简体中文翻译(CHPO 上游成果)